47 Helpful Tips on How to answer (Select-All-That-Apply) SATA NCLEX Questions

1. CERVICAL CA

Risk Factors:

• African- American/ Native women
• Behavior (Sexual promiscuity)
• Chronic instrumentation of cervix
• Disease –STD
• Early age of Sex
• High Parity
• Poor Hygiene
• Low economic status
• Multiple sexual partners
• Partner with Prostate CA

Sx:

• Post-coital bleeding
• Painful sex
• Menstrual irregularities

2. OVARIAN CA

Risk factors:

• Ovarian dysfunction
• Vaginal use of talcum powder
• Alcohol
• Race – White women & family history
• Infertility
• Age – Peak=5th decade of life
• Nulliparity
• Genetic predisposition

3. DM FOOT CARE

• Meticulous care to feet
• Wash feet with warm water not hot & dry
• Can use lotion but No lotion in between toes
• Wear socks to keep feet warm
• Avoid thermal baths, heating pads
• Do not soak feet
• Inspect feet daily
• Do not treat corns, blisters
• Wear loose socks and no barefoot
• Change into clean cotton socks daily
• Break in new shoes gradually
• Use emery board
• Do not smoke
• Do not wear same pair of shoes 2 days in a row
• Check shoes for cracks before using

4. BLOOD TRANSFUSION REACTION

• Transfusion Reactions

Hemolytic Reaction
Allergic Reaction

• Circulatory Overload
• Septicemia
• Iron Overload
• Hypocalcemia
• Disease Transmission
• Hyperkalemia
• Citrate Intoxication

5. HYPERTHYROIDISM

• Soft smooth skin & hair
• Mood swings
• HPN
• Diaphoresis
• Intolerance to heat
• PTU drug to block thyroid synthesis

6. LUNG CA

• Bronchogenic Carcinoma
• 1st leading cause of death
• From asbestos, bacterial invasion, cigarette
• Sx: Nagging cough, hoarseness of voice, dyspnea, diminished breath sounds

7. SX OF PARKINSONS

• Tremors, akinesia, rigidity
• Weakness, “motorized propulsive gait
• Slurred speech, dysphagia, drooling
• Monotonous speech
• Mask like expression
• Teach ambulation modification: goose stepping walk (marching), ROM exercises
• Meds—Artane, Cogentin, L-Dopa, Parlodel, Sinemet, Symmetrel
• Activities should be scheduled for late morning when energy level is highest
• Encourage finger exercises.
• Promote family understanding of disease intellect/sight/ hearing not impaired

8. ACUTE PANCREATITIS

• Abdominal Pain severe –acute sx
• Complication : Shock,Hypovolemia
• Limited fat & protein intake

9. CAST CARE

• Don’t rest on hard surface
• Don’t cover until dry 48+ hours
• Handle with palms of hands not with fingers
• Keep above level of heart
• Check for CSM

10. HYDROCEPHALUS

• Anterior fontanel bulges & nonpulsating
• Bones of head separated (cracked pot sound)
• Check for sun-setting eyes
• D’ Increase ICP
• Evidence of Frontal Bossing
• Failure to thrive
• Irritability
• High-pitched cry

11. ESRD DIET

• Restricted protein intake
• Increase CHO
• Low K, P
• Restrict Na

12. NORMAL IN 8 MONTH OLD CHILD

• can sit with out support
• can roll from front to back
• can hold a bottle
• closure of ant. fontanel
• can say mama and dada
• 2 teeth present

13. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA OCCLUSION

• Sx occur in the morning
• Edema of face, eyes & tightness of shirt/ (Stoke’s sign)
•Late sx: edema of arms, hands, dyspnea, erythema, epistaxis

14. ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Sx:

• Severe diarrhea with blood & mucus
• Abdominal tenderness & cramping
• Anorexia
• Wt. Loss
• Vit. K deficiency
• Anemia
• Dehydration
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Low residue & high protein diet

15. DILANTIN

• do not floss throughout the day
• do not use hard bristled
toothbrush
• Gingivitis S/E

16. ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION

(steps)

• Stop medication
• Maintain airway
• Notify MD
• Maintain IV access of 0.9 NSS
• Place in supine position with legs elevated
• Monitor VS
• Administer prescribed emergency drugs

17. BLADDER CA

Risk Factors:

• Hx of smoking
• Exposure to radiation
• Working in industrial Factory

18. S/S OF DKA

• Fruity breath Odor
• Oliguria
• Kusmaull’’s (deep & nonlabored)

19. SITE FOR IM INJECTION ADULT

• Deltoid
• Ventrogluteal
• Vastus Lateralis
• Gluteus Maximus

20. S/S OF BACTERIAL MENINGITIS

• N & V
• Seizures
• Stiff Neck
• Photophobia
• Positive Brudzinski sign

21. TB

• Waking up sweating at night
• Low grade fever
• Dull aching chest pain
• Cough streaked with blood
• Weight loss
• Anorexia
• Fatigue

22. LIVER CIRRHOSIS

• N & V
• Edema
• Ascites

23. PULMONARY EMBOLISM

Sx:

• Blood-tinged sputum
• Distended neck vein
• Chest Pain / Hypotension / Cyanosis
• Cough / Shallow respirations
• Rales on auscultation
• Tachypnea / Tachycardia

24. COLON CA

Risk Factors:

• Family HX
• Age above 50
• Jewish
• Male

25. DIGOXIN THERAPY

• Do not administer in infants if < 90 bpm
• Do not give to older children if <70 bpm
• Sx of toxicity to a child – N &V

26. S/S OF CAD

• Chest Pain
• Palpitations
• Dyspnea / Syncope
• Hemoptysis
• Excessive Fatigue

27. COPD

• Rhythmic, diaphragmatic breathing
• If restless, perform purse-lip breathing not more than 1 minute
• Perform deep breathing with mouth held together during expiration

28. SEEN IN 15 MONTH OLD CHILD

• Speaks 6 words
• Sits w/o support
• Builds a tower of 5 blocks
• Strong palmar grasp

29. CUSHING’S SYNDROME

• Osteoporosis
• Muscle wasting
• Hypertension
• Purple skin striations
• Moon face
• Truncal obesity
• Decreased resistance to infection
• Low Carbohydrate, Low Calorie, High Protein, High K, Low sodium
• Monitor glucose level
• Check for color of stool, cortisol increase secretion of gastric acid
• Peptic ulcer & GI bleeding
• C/I to Aspirin, increased bleeding

30. ADDISONS DISEASE

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Dehydration
• Eternal tan
• Decreased resistance to stress
• Low Sodium
• Low Blood Sugar
• High Potassium
• High protein, carbohydrate, Sodium,
• Low potassium diet
• Teach life-long hormone replacement
• Glucocorticoids (sugar) – Solu-Medrol (succinate) to prevent addisonian crisis
• Mineralocorticoids (salt) – Florinef

6 A’s of Addison’s disease

1.) Avoid Stress
2.) Avoid Strenuous
3.) Avoid Individuals with Infection
4.) Avoid OTC meds
5.) A lifelong Glucocorticoids Therapy
6.) Always wear medic alert bracelet

Addisonian Crisis

• Hypotension
• Extreme weakness
• Nausea vomiting
• Abdominal pain /
• Severe hypoglycemia
• Dehydration
• Administer NaCl IV, vasopressors, hydrocortisone
• Monitor VS /Absolute bedrest

31. PLACENTA PREVIA

• Check Hematocrit level
• External fetal monitor not internal
• No vaginal examination
• Assess for bleeding
• Improperly implanted placenta at lower uterine
• Painless bright red, vaginal bleeding
• Soft, relaxed, nontender uterus
• Fundal height greater than expected

32. ABRUPTIO PLACENTA

• Premature separation of placenta from uterine wall
• Painful dark red bleeding
• Uterine rigidity
• Severe abdominal pain
• Maternal shock
• Fetal distress

33. HEMODIALYSIS

• Palpate for a bruit or thrill
• Weigh client daily, before, during & after
• Hold antihypertensive drugs b4 dialysis
• Check for thrill and bruit q 8 hours
• Don’t use extremity for BP, finger stick
• Monitor vital signs, weight, breath sounds
• Monitor for hemorrhage

34. PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

• Weight before and after treatment
• Monitor BP
• Monitor breath sounds
• Use sterile technique
• If problem w/ outflow, reposition client
• Side effects: constipation

35. TYPE 1 IDDM

• Test blood glucose every 4 hrs if no feeling well
• Eat fruit or cheese sandwich before exercise
• Do not exercise if blood glucose is >250mg/dl & urinary ketones present
• Administer regular insulin 30 minutes before meals

36. COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

• Increased pain & swelling
• Pain with passive motion
• Loss of sensation
• Inability to move joints
• Pulselessness

37. CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION

• NPO 6-8 hrs. & no liquid for 4 hrs. prior to prevent vomiting & aspiration
• Feel a flush, warm, fluttery feeling, desire to cough, palpitations in introduction of dye
• Shave & Clean insertion site with antiseptic solution

38. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA

• Severe pallor
• Smooth, beefy red tongue
• Slight jaundice
• Paresthisias of hands & feet
• Disturbances with gait & balance

39. DUMPING SYNDROME

• Occurs 30 minutes after eating
• Abdominal fullness & cramping
• Diarrhea
• Tachycardia
• Perspiration
• Weakness / dizziness
• Borborygmi sound

40. TPN COMPLICATIONS

• Air Embolism
• Fluid Overload
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Infection
• Pneumothorax

41. DIC

• Bruising, purpura
• Presence of occult blood
• Low fibrinogen level, hct, platelet
• Increased PT, PTT
• Complication: RENAL FAILURE

42. PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE

• Dry scaly skin on lower extremities
• Rest Pain, at night
• Intermittent claudication/
• Thickened toenails
• Cold & gray-blue color of skin
• Decreased or absent peripheral pulses
• Instruct pt. to walk to point of claudication, stop & rest & walk a little farther

43. THROMBOPHLEBITIS

• Avoid pressure behind legs
• Avoid prolonged sitting
• Avoid constrictive clothing
• Avoid crossing the legs
• Avoid massaging the legs

44. SYPHILIS

• Painless chancre
• fades after 6 weeks
• Low grade fever
• Copper-colored rash on palms and soles of feet
• Spread by contact of mucous membranes
• Treat with Penicillin G IM
• If patient has penicillin allergy, will use erythromycin for 10-15 days.
• After treatment, patient must be retested to make sure disease is gone

45. POLYCYTHEMIA VERA

• Increased RBC
• Leukocytosis / Thrombocytosis
• Angina
• Intermittent claudication
• Dyspnea /HPN
• Lethargy / Syncope / Paresthesia

46. PRIMARY HPN

Risk Factors:

• Aging
• Black race
• Chronic stress
• Family Hx
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Men

47. CHOLECYSTITIS

Sx:

• N & V
• Belching
• Indigestion
• Flatulence
• Epigastric pain that radiates to the scapula 2 hrs. after eating fatty food
• Pain localized in RLQ
• Guarding, rigidity & rebound tenderness
• Cannot take a deep breath when fingers are pressed below hepatic margin (Murphy’s Sign)