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1. Answer B. Diphenhydramine, 25 to 50 mg I.M. or I.V., would quickly reverse this condition. Prochlorperazine and haloperidol are both capable of causing dystonia, not reversing it. Midazolam would make this patient drowsy.
2. Answer B. The nurse should directly orient a delusional patient to reality, especially to place and person. Option A and C encourage further delusions by denying poisoning and offering information related to the delusion. Validating the patient’s feeling, as in option D, occurs during a later stage in the therapeutic process.
3. Answer C. Twelve-step programs focus on recovery 1 day at a time. Such programs discourage people from claiming that they will never again use a substance, because relapse is common. The belief that one may use a limit amount of an abused substance indicates denial. Substituting one abused substance for another predisposes the patient to cross-addiction.
4. Answer B. By establishing a one-to-one relationship, the nurse helps the patient learn how to interact with other people in new situations. The other options are appropriate but should take place only after the nurse-patient relationship is established. Read the full story